What are expansion joints used for, and how are they repaired?

Bridges, viaducts, multi-level parking lots, and roads must be prepared for various types of movement. These can be caused by changes in temperature, loads, ground settlement, vibrations, or other external and internal factors. In the case of floors, this can result in cracks. To prevent this, expansion joints are used, which you can learn more about by reading our article.

What are expansion joints for?

These are special gaps designed to allow free, controlled movement of various parts of a building. Expansion joints allow materials to expand and contract without causing damage. Working expansion joints separate individual surface slabs across their entire thickness and allow them to expand or contract, while structural expansion joints are made across the entire thickness of the concrete slab. [1]

The proper use of expansion joints requires extensive knowledge and experience. First and foremost, they should be carefully designed taking into account the type of structure, environmental conditions, the type and magnitude of expected movements, and other factors such as loads and material properties. Such work requires the application of appropriate standards and guidelines, as well as engineering experience.

What does expansion joint repair involve?

Expansion joint repair may be necessary for a number of reasons, such as wear and tear, mechanical damage, corrosion of metal components in the expansion joint, or damage caused by weather conditions. The repair process depends on the type, condition, and location of the expansion joint. Repairing expansion joints due to damage may include the following steps:

• thorough assessment of the condition of the expansion joint to determine the scope and method of repair,
• removal of damaged components, cleaning and preparation of the surface,
• replacement or repair of damaged parts,
• sealing,
• reconstruction and protection,
• testing and inspection.

When it comes to repairing damaged parts, depending on the condition of the expansion joint, this may involve welding or filling gaps, for example. Reconstruction and protection, on the other hand, means rebuilding the surrounding structures or applying special protective coatings. After completion of the work, tests and inspections are necessary to ensure that the expansion joint has been properly repaired and meets the required safety and functionality standards.

How to recognize that a concrete floor requires expansion joint repair?

A concrete floor may require expansion joint repair if visible damage such as cracks, chips, or material loss is observed. In addition, cracks appearing in the concrete near the expansion joint may indicate insufficient flexibility or improper spacing of the joints, which requires corrective action.

If you have noticed any of the signs we have described, please contact us and we will professionally take care of the necessary repairs.

[1] Piotr Hajduk, Expansion joints in industrial floors, Construction Review 7-8/2014